]> Mark and Signed Mark Objects Mapping ICANN
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Applications Internet Engineering Task Force Trademark Clearinghouse, Signed Mark Data, Signed Mark, Mark, SMD Domain Name Registries (DNRs) may operate in special modes for certain periods of time, enabling trademark holders to protect their rights during the introduction of a Top-Level Domain (TLD). One of those special modes of operation is the Sunrise Period. The Sunrise Period allows trademark holders an advance opportunity to register domain names corresponding to their trademarks before names are generally available to the public. This document describes the format of a mark and a digitally signed mark used by trademark holders for registering domain names during the Sunrise Period of generic Top-Level Domains (gTLDs). Three types of Mark objects are defined in this specification: registered trademarks, court-validated marks, and marks protected by statue or treaty.
Domain Name Registries (DNRs) may operate in special modes for certain periods of time enabling trademark holders to protect their rights during the introduction of a Top-Level Domain (TLD). One of those special modes of operation is the Sunrise Period. The Sunrise Period allows trademark holders an advance opportunity to register domain names corresponding to their trademarks before names are generally available to the public. This specification was defined as part of the development of the ICANN Trademark Clearinghouse (TMCH). The ICANN TMCH is a global repository for trademark data used by DNRs, registrars, and trademark holders during the registration process of domain names. This document describes a mapping of the common elements found in trademark data. A digitally signed mark format is defined in order to support digital signatures on the mark. Finally, a mapping for encoding the signed mark document is defined. Three types of Mark objects are defined in this specification: registered trademarks, court-validated marks, and marks protected by statue or treaty. This specification is intended to be used in the gTLD space, but nothing precludes the use of this format by other entities. The detailed policy regarding the public key infrastructure (PKI), authorized validators, and other requirements must be defined based on the local policy of the entities using this specification. In the case of gTLDs, the detailed policy regarding the use of this specification is defined in the Rights Protection Mechanism Requirements document (see ), and the PKI is defined in . Implementations will need to implement such a PKI (or an equivalent) in order for the signatures defined in this document to have any useful semantics. The objects specified in this document can be referenced by application protocols like the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP), defined in .
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. XML (EXtensible Markup Language) is case sensitive. Unless stated otherwise, XML specifications and examples provided in this document MUST be interpreted in the character case presented in order to develop a conforming implementation. "signedMark-1.0" is used as an abbreviation for "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:signedMark-1.0". The XML namespace prefix "smd" is used, but implementations MUST NOT depend on it and instead employ a proper namespace-aware XML parser and serializer to interpret and output the XML documents. "mark-1.0" is used as an abbreviation for "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:mark-1.0". The XML namespace prefix "mark" is used, but implementations MUST NOT depend on it and instead employ a proper namespace-aware XML parser and serializer to interpret and output the XML documents.
This section defines the Mark and Signed Mark objects. Empty complex element types and abstract elements are defined to support additional definitions using XML schema substitution groups. Support for replacement through the XML schema substitution groups is included in the description of the objects. This section defines some elements as OPTIONAL. If an element is not defined as OPTIONAL, then it MUST be included in the object. The following elements are defined as telephone numbers: <mark:voice>, <mark:fax>, and <smd:voice>. The representation of telephone numbers in this specification is derived from structures defined in . Telephone numbers described in this mapping are character strings that MUST begin with a plus sign ("+", ASCII value 0x002B), followed by a country code defined in , followed by a dot (".", ASCII value 0x002E), followed by a sequence of digits representing the telephone number. An optional "x" attribute is provided to note telephone extension information. The following elements are defined as email addresses: <mark:email> and <smd:email>. Email address syntax is defined in .
Marks are linked to Holder objects and optionally linked to Contact objects. This section defines the <mark:holder> and <mark:contact> objects. The child elements of <mark:holder> include: A <mark:name> element that contains the name of the individual holder of the mark. At least one of <mark:name> and <mark:org> MUST be specified, and <mark:name> is OPTIONAL if <mark:org> is specified. A <mark:org> element that contains the name of the organization holder of the mark. At least one of <mark:name> and <mark:org> MUST be specified, and <mark:org> is OPTIONAL if <mark:name> is specified. A <mark:addr> element that contains the address information of the holder of a mark. A <mark:addr> contains the following child elements: One, two, or three OPTIONAL <mark:street> elements that contain the holder's street address. A <mark:city> element that contains the holder's city. An OPTIONAL <mark:sp> element that contains the holder's state or province. An OPTIONAL <mark:pc> element that contains the holder's postal code. A <mark:cc> element that contains the holder's country code. This is a two-character code from . An OPTIONAL <mark:voice> element that contains the holder's voice telephone number. An OPTIONAL <mark:fax> element that contains the holder's facsimile telephone number. An OPTIONAL <mark:email> element that contains the email address of the holder. The child elements of <mark:contact> include: A <mark:name> element that contains the name of the responsible person. An OPTIONAL <mark:org> element that contains the name of the organization of the contact. A <mark:addr> element that contains the address information of the contact. A <mark:addr> contains the following child elements: One, two, or three OPTIONAL <mark:street> elements that contain the contact's street address. A <mark:city> element that contains the contact's city. An OPTIONAL <mark:sp> element that contains the contact's state or province. An OPTIONAL <mark:pc> element that contains the contact's postal code. A <mark:cc> element that contains the contact's country code. This is a two-character code from . A <mark:voice> element that contains the contact's voice telephone number. An OPTIONAL <mark:fax> element that contains the contact's facsimile telephone number. A <mark:email> element that contains the contact's email address.
A <mark:mark> element that describes an applicant's prior right to a given domain name. A <mark:mark> element substitutes for the <mark:abstractMark> abstract element to define a concrete definition of a mark. The <mark:abstractMark> element can be replaced by other mark definitions using the XML schema substitution groups feature. The child elements of the <mark:mark> element include: One or more <mark:trademark>, <mark:treatyOrStatute>, and <mark:court> elements that contain the detailed information of marks. A <mark:trademark> element that contains the following child elements: A <mark:id> that uniquely identifies a mark in relation to a repository of marks potentially maintained by more than one issuer. A <mark:id> value is a concatenation of the local identifier, followed by a hyphen ("-", ASCII value 0x002D), followed by the issuer identifier. A <mark:markName> element that contains the mark text string. One or more <mark:holder> elements that contain the information of the holder of the mark. An "entitlement" attribute is used to identify the entitlement of the holder; possible values are "owner", "assignee", and "licensee". Zero or more OPTIONAL <mark:contact> elements that contain the information of the representative of the mark registration. A "type" attribute is used to identify the type of contact; possible values are "owner", "agent", or "thirdparty". A <mark:jurisdiction> element that contains the two-character code of the jurisdiction where the trademark was registered. This is a two-character code from . Zero or more OPTIONAL <mark:class> elements that contain the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Nice Classification class numbers of the mark as defined in the WIPO Nice Classification . Zero or more OPTIONAL <mark:label> elements that contain the A-label form (as defined in ) of the label that corresponds to the <mark:markName>. A <mark:goodsAndServices> element that contains the full description of the goods and services from the document certifying the registration of the mark. An OPTIONAL <mark:apId> element that contains the trademark application ID registered in the trademark office. An OPTIONAL <mark:apDate> element that contains the date the trademark was applied for. A <mark:regNum> element that contains the trademark registration number registered in the trademark office. A <mark:regDate> element that contains the date the trademark was registered. An OPTIONAL <mark:exDate> element that contains the expiration date of the trademark. A <mark:treatyOrStatute> element that contains the following child elements: A <mark:id> element; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. A <mark:markName> element; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. One or more <mark:holder> elements; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. Zero or more OPTIONAL <mark:contact> elements; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. One or more <mark:protection> elements that contain the countries and region of the country where the mark is protected. The <mark:protection> element contains the following child elements: A <mark:cc> element that contains the two-character code of the country in which the mark is protected. This is a two-character code from . An OPTIONAL <mark:region> element that contains the name of a city, state, province, or other geographic region of <mark:country> in which the mark is protected. Zero or more OPTIONAL <mark:ruling> elements that contain the two-character code of the national territory in which the statute or treaty is applicable. This is a two-character code from . Zero or more OPTIONAL <mark:label> elements; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. A <mark:goodsAndServices> element; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. A <mark:refNum> element that contains the serial number of the mark. A <mark:proDate> element that contains the date of protection of the mark. A <mark:title> element that contains the title of the treaty or statute. A <mark:execDate> element that contains the execution date of the treaty or statute. A <mark:court> element that contains the following child elements: A <mark:id> element; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. A <mark:markName> element; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. One or more <mark:holder> elements; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. Zero or more OPTIONAL <mark:contact> elements; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. Zero or more OPTIONAL <mark:label> elements; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. A <mark:goodsAndServices> element; see definition in the <mark:trademark> section above. A <mark:refNum> element that contains the reference number of the court's opinion. A <mark:proDate> element that contains the date of protection of the mark. A <mark:cc> element that contains the two-character code of the country where the court is located. This is a two-character code from . Zero or more OPTIONAL <mark:region> elements that contain the name of a city, state, province, or other geographic region of <mark:cc> in which the mark is protected. In case <mark:region> is specified, a default-deny approach MUST be assumed regarding the regions of a country. A <mark:courtName> element that contains the name of the court.
The <smd:signedMark> is a digitally signed XML document using an XML Signature . The <smd:signedMark> XML document (SMD) includes a required "id" attribute of type XML Schema Definition (XSD) ID for use with an IDREF URI from the Signature element. The SMD might be transmitted as part of a protocol already based on XML; therefore, exclusive XML canonicalization as defined in MUST be used. A <smd:signedMark> element substitutes for the <smd:abstractSignedMark> abstract element to define a concrete definition of a signed mark. The <smd:abstractSignedMark> element can be replaced by other signed mark definitions using the XML schema substitution groups feature. The child elements of the <smd:signedMark> element include: The <smd:id> element that uniquely identifies an SMD in relation to a repository of SMDs potentially maintained by more than one issuer. The <smd:id> value is a concatenation of the local identifier, followed by a hyphen ("-", ASCII value 0x002D), followed by the issuer identifier. A <smd:issuerInfo> element that contains the information of the issuer of the mark registration. An "issuerID" attribute is used to specify the issuer identifier. The child elements include: A <smd:org> element that contains the organization name of the issuer. A <smd:email> element that contains the issuer customer support email address. An OPTIONAL <smd:url> element that contains the HTTP or HTTPS URL of the issuer's site. An OPTIONAL <smd:voice> element that contains the issuer's voice telephone number. A <smd:notBefore> element that contains the creation date and time of the SMD. A <smd:notAfter> element that contains the expiration date and time of the SMD. A <mark:mark> element that contains the mark information as defined in .
The following is an example of an SMD: 0000001751376056503931-65535 ICANN TMCH TESTING TMV notavailable@example.com https://www.example.com +32.000000 2013-08-09T13:55:03.931Z 2017-07-23T22:00:00.000Z 00052013734689731373468973-65535 Test & Validate Ag corporation 1305 Bright Avenue Arcadia CA 90028 US Tony Holland Ag corporation 1305 Bright Avenue Arcadia CA 90028 US +1.2025562302 +1.2025562301 info@agcorporation.com US 15 testandvalidate test---validate testand-validate test-et-validate test-validate test--validate test-etvalidate testetvalidate testvalidate testet-validate guitar 1234 2012-12-31T23:00:00.000Z wgyW3nZPoEfpptlhRILKnOQnbdtU6ArM7ShrAfHgDFg= jMu4PfyQGiJBF0GWSEPFCJjmywCEqR2h4LD+ge6XQ+JnmKFFCuCZS/3SLKAx0L1w QDFO2e0Y69k2G7/LGE37X3vOflobFM1oGwja8+GMVraoto5xAd4/AF7eHukgAymD o9toxoa2h0yV4A4PmXzsU6S86XtCcUE+S/WM72nyn47zoUCzzPKHZBRyeWehVFQ+ jYRMIAMzM57HHQA+6eaXefRvtPETgUO4aVIVSugc4OUAZZwbYcZrC6wOaQqqqAZi 30aPOBYbAvHMSmWSS+hFkbshomJfHxb97TD2grlYNrQIzqXk7WbHWy2SYdA+sI/Z ipJsXNa6osTUw1CzA7jfwA== MIIESTCCAzGgAwIBAgIBAjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBiMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEL MAkGA1UECBMCQ0ExFDASBgNVBAcTC0xvcyBBbmdlbGVzMRMwEQYDVQQKEwpJQ0FO TiBUTUNIMRswGQYDVQQDExJJQ0FOTiBUTUNIIFRFU1QgQ0EwHhcNMTMwMjA4MDAw MDAwWhcNMTgwMjA3MjM1OTU5WjBsMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzELMAkGA1UECBMCQ0Ex FDASBgNVBAcTC0xvcyBBbmdlbGVzMRcwFQYDVQQKEw5WYWxpZGF0b3IgVE1DSDEh MB8GA1UEAxMYVmFsaWRhdG9yIFRNQ0ggVEVTVCBDRVJUMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0B AQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAo/cwvXhbVYl0RDWWvoyeZpETVZVVcMCovUVNg/sw WinuMgEWgVQFrz0xA04pEhXCFVv4evbUpekJ5buqU1gmQyOsCKQlhOHTdPjvkC5u pDqa51Flk0TMaMkIQjs7aUKCmA4RG4tTTGK/EjR1ix8/D0gHYVRldy1YPrMP+ou7 5bOVnIos+HifrAtrIv4qEqwLL4FTZAUpaCa2BmgXfy2CSRQbxD5Or1gcSa3vurh5 sPMCNxqaXmIXmQipS+DuEBqMM8tldaN7RYojUEKrGVsNk5i9y2/7sjn1zyyUPf7v L4GgDYqhJYWV61DnXgx/Jd6CWxvsnDF6scscQzUTEl+hywIDAQABo4H/MIH8MAwG A1UdEwEB/wQCMAAwHQYDVR0OBBYEFPZEcIQcD/Bj2IFz/LERuo2ADJviMIGMBgNV HSMEgYQwgYGAFO0/7kEh3FuEKS+Q/kYHaD/W6wihoWakZDBiMQswCQYDVQQGEwJV UzELMAkGA1UECBMCQ0ExFDASBgNVBAcTC0xvcyBBbmdlbGVzMRMwEQYDVQQKEwpJ Q0FOTiBUTUNIMRswGQYDVQQDExJJQ0FOTiBUTUNIIFRFU1QgQ0GCAQEwDgYDVR0P AQH/BAQDAgeAMC4GA1UdHwQnMCUwI6AhoB+GHWh0dHA6Ly9jcmwuaWNhbm4ub3Jn L3RtY2guY3JsMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4IBAQB2qSy7ui+43cebKUKwWPrzz9y/ IkrMeJGKjo40n+9uekaw3DJ5EqiOf/qZ4pjBD++oR6BJCb6NQuQKwnoAz5lE4Ssu y5+i93oT3HfyVc4gNMIoHm1PS19l7DBKrbwbzAea/0jKWVzrvmV7TBfjxD3AQo1R bU5dBr6IjbdLFlnO5x0G0mrG7x5OUPuurihyiURpFDpwH8KAH1wMcCpXGXFRtGKk wydgyVYAty7otkl/z3bZkCVT34gPvF70sR6+QxUy8u0LzF5A/beYaZpxSYG31amL AdXitTWFipaIGea9lEGFM0L9+Bg7XzNn4nVLXokyEB3bgS4scG6QznX23FGk ]]>
NOTE: The example shown above includes white space for indentation purposes. It is RECOMMENDED that SMDs do not include white space between the XML elements, in order to mitigate risks of invalidating the digital signature when transferring of SMDs between applications takes place.
The <smd:encodedSignedMark> element contains an encoded form of an SMD (described in ), with the encoding defined by the "encoding" attribute with the default "encoding" value of "base64" .
The following is an example of a <smd:encodedSignedMark> element that uses the default "base64" for encoding a <smd:signedMark> element. PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz4KPHNtZDpzaWduZWRNYXJ rIHhtbG5zOnNtZD0idXJuOmlldGY6cGFyYW1zOnhtbDpuczpzaWduZWRNYXJrLTEuMCIgaW ... (base64 data elided for brevity) ... PC9zbWQ6c2lnbmVkTWFyaz4= ]]>
Two schemas are presented here. The first schema is the schema for the Signed Mark object. The second schema is the schema for the Mark object. The formal syntax presented here is a complete schema representation of the object mapping suitable for automated validation of EPP XML instances. The BEGIN and END tags are not part of the schema; they are used to note the beginning and ending of the schema for URI registration purposes.
Schema for representing a Signed Mark object. END]]>
Schema for representing a Trademark, also referred to as Mark. END]]>
This document uses URNs to describe XML namespaces and XML schemas conforming to the registry mechanism described in . IANA has registered two URI assignments: signed mark (signedMark-1.0) and mark (mark-1.0). The signed mark namespace (signedMark-1.0) has been registered in the "ns" registry. URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:signedMark-1.0 Registrant Contact: IESG XML: None. Namespace URIs do not represent an XML specification. The signed mark schema (signedMark-1.0) has been registered in the "schema" registry. URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:signedMark-1.0 Registrant Contact: IESG XML: See the "Formal Syntax" section of this document. The mark namespace (mark-1.0) has been registered in the "ns" registry. URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:mark-1.0 Registrant Contact: IESG XML: None. Namespace URIs do not represent an XML specification. The mark schema (mark-1.0) has been registered in the "schema" registry. URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:mark-1.0 Registrant Contact: IESG XML: See the "Formal Syntax" section of this document.
The security of a Signed Mark object depends on the security of the underlying XML Digital Signature (DSIG) algorithms. As such, all the security considerations from apply here as well. The digital signature algorithm used in Signed Mark objects SHOULD be RSA-SHA256 . The size of the RSA key SHOULD be at least 2048 bits. A valid reason for choosing something else would be if RSA-SHA256 is deemed to not provide sufficient security. In the case of the ICANN TMCH, Signed Mark objects use the algorithms for digesting and signing recommended in this document. Signed Mark objects are used primarily for domain name registrations in gTLDs during the Sunrise Period, but other third parties might be using them. A party using Signed Mark objects should verify that the digital signature is valid based on local policy. In the case of gTLDs, the Rights Protection Mechanism Requirements document defines such policy, and the PKI is defined in . Implementations will need to implement such a PKI (or an equivalent) in order for the signatures defined in this document to have any useful semantics.
&RFC2119; &RFC3688; &RFC4648; &RFC5322; &RFC5890; &RFC6931; Recommended standard on two-letter codes for the representation of states, other entities and intergovernmental organizations WIPO WIPO International Standard for country codes and codes for their subdivisions ISO ISO Trademark Clearinghouse; Rights Protection Mechanism Requirements ICANN ICANN XML Signature Syntax and Processing Version 1.1 W3C W3C Exclusive XML Canonicalization Version 1.0 W3C W3C Nice Classification WIPO WIPO The international public telecommunication numbering plan International Telecommunication Union ITU &RFC5730; &RFC5105; ICANN TMCH functional specifications Launch Phase Mapping for the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
Special thanks to Chris Wright for creating the first prototype of an SMD and to James Gould, Wil Tan, and Gavin Brown for creating the mark and SMD definitions in "Launch Phase Mapping for the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)" , on which this document is based. Portions of the Security Considerations section were shamefully copied from RFC 5105 . The author would like to acknowledge the following individuals for their contributions to this document: Scott Hollenbeck and Jan Jansen.